The system of administration in the Han and in the T'ang period

_Han epoch_ _T'ang epoch_

1. Emperor 1. Emperor

2. Three counsellors to the emperor 2. Three counsellors and three
(with no active functions) assistants (with no active
functions)

3. Eight supreme generals 3. Generals and Governors-General
(only appointed in time of war) (only appointed in time of
war; but in practice
continuously in office)

4. ---- 4. (a) State secretariat
(1) Central secretariat
(2) Secretariat of the Crown
(3) Secretariat of the Palace
and imperial historical
commission

4. (b) Emperor's Secretariat
(1) Private Archives
(2) Court Adjutants' Office
(3) Harem administration

5. Court administration (Ministries) 5. Court administration
(Ministries)
(1) Ministry for state sacrifices (1) Ministry for state
sacrifices
(2) Ministry for imperial coaches (2) Ministry for imperial
and horses coaches and horses
(3) Ministry for justice at court (3) Ministry for justice
at court
(4) Ministry for receptions (4) Ministry for receptions
(i.e. foreign affairs)
(5) Ministry for ancestors' (5) Ministry for ancestors'
temples temples
(6) Ministry for supplies to the (6) Ministry for supplies to
court the court
(7) Ministry for the harem (7) Economic and financial
Ministry
(8) Ministry for the palace (8) Ministry for the payment
guards of salaries
(9) Ministry for the court (9) Ministry for armament
(state secretariat) and magazines

6. Administration of the capital: 6. Administration of the capital:
(1) Crown prince's palace (1) Crown prince's palace
(2) Security service for the capital (2) Palace guards and guards'
office
(3) Capital administration: (3) Arms production
(a) Guards of the capital department
(b) Guards of the city gates
(c) Building department
(4) Labour service
department
(5) Building department
(6) Transport department
(7) Department for education
(of sons of officials!)

7. Ministry of the Interior 7. Ministry of the Interior
(Provincial administration) (Provincial administration)

8. Foreign Ministry 8. ----

9. Censorship (Audit council)